High-Risk Family Assessment Snd Health Promotion Essay

High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Mary Ann Bennett University of Phoenix NUR/542 Melinda Church August 6, 2012 High-Risk Family Assessment and Health Promotion Assessing health needs is a fundamental nursing skill. Unfortunately, many nurses only associate the assessment process to the individual patient they are caring for and fail to assess and address the needs of the entire family. Performing a family assessment is vital, especially when working with high risk individuals and groups. High risk families can be defined as those families with a higher than expected risk for developing a particular disease or injury in association to their lifestyle, environment, habits, or socio-economic†¦show more content†¦To compound the issue, often the affected veteran will turn to high-risk behaviors in an attempt to find resolution or relief including smoking, social isolation, abuse of alcohol and drugs, and the display of violent or aggressive behavior. Frequently, depression or other mental health issues arise. In a domino effect, the high risk behavior frequently leads to unemployment, ha bitual drug or alcohol use, poor or absent parenting, fractured family units, unsafe sex, participation in dangerous sports or driving, and in some instances, suicide. Last, stress along with the indulgence of smoking and the consumption of alcohol and drugs can also lead to chronic health issues including hypertension, stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pulmonary disease, and digestive disorders. Assessment and Theory Application Effective treatment of PTSD can only take place if the disorder is recognized. Symptoms of PTSD are commonly divided into three defining sections: (1) reliving the traumatic event, (2) detachment and avoidance, and (3) exaggerated responses (NCBI, 2010). When a patient relives the traumatic event, it occurs in a manner in which it interferes with the normal process of daily life. This can include recurring flashbacks or dreams and distressing memories, which manifest negative physical reactions. Detachment and avoidance is demonstrated through loss of interest in current living situation, avoidance of people or places that may

Systems, Society and Sustainability Essay - 3714 Words

CIVIL, ENVIRONMENTAL AND GEOMATIC ENGINEERING Systems, Society and Sustainability The global challenge of sustainable development requires solutions and mindsets that bridge traditional divisions between nature and culture, and the technical and social sciences. Sustainable development requires that engineers and other professionals are able to include social and ecological considerations alongside technical and economic requirements in managing projects and infrastructure. This course outlines the challenges of sustainability, introduces some theories which can help think through these challenges more clearly, and applies them to the case of urban water systems. 1. Learning Outcomes Upon completion of this course you should be†¦show more content†¦445-463. 27 Nov and 4 Dec Engineering sustainable societies for Mitchell C. A., Carew A. and Clift R. (2004) The Role of the Professional Engineer and Scientist in Sustainable Development, Chapter 2 in Azapagic A., Perdan S. and Clift R. (eds) Sustainable Development in Practice Chichester, John Wiley and Sons, pp. 29-56. Bauer, J. M. and Herder, P. M. (2009) Designing socio-technical systems, in Meijers A. (ed) Handbook of the Philosophy of Science. Volume 9: Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences Burlington MA, North Holland, pp. 601-630. 11 Dec Cities, sustainability Bai X. and Imura H. (2001) Towards sustainable and water urban water resource management: a case study in Tianjin, China Sustainable Development 9 pp. 24-35. Speers, A. (2007) Water and cities – overcoming inertia and achieving a sustainable future, Chapter 3 in Novotny, V. And Brown, P. R. Cities of the Future London, IWA Publishing, pp. 18-32. CIVLG018/M011: Systems, Society and Sustainability 3 4. Assessment Task Critical Review Attendance and participation at seminars Essay Assessment Due Value 30% 29 October 10% 60% 14 December All coursework should be submitted in hard copy to the assignment box near the Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering main office, and an electronic copy must be submitted through turnitin on the module moodle site. Critical Review Write a 1000 word paper reviewing one of theShow MoreRelatedIs Sustainability A Sustainable Society?1402 Words   |  6 Pagesdefined sustainability as â€Å"development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs† [1]. Many authors and activists have given their own interpretation of what sustainability means to all of us. In a sense, sustainability refers to the processes and practices that help sustain human life on planet Earth, but the concept of sustainability is broad and applies to many disciplines. 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It is important that the leadership develop an organizational culture that does not tolerate aggression and behaviorally supports employees in dealing with it. It is imperative that leaders are equipped with the skills to appropriately access the environment , have the ethical temperament needed to take responsibility for the problem and the skill-setRead MoreImpacts Of Sustainability On Business1347 Words   |  6 Pagesimpact of sustainability on business. A sustainable system generally can be defined in environmental terminology as a living system which operates in a way that it does not use up resources more quickly than they can be naturally replenished; a sustainable economic system operates in a way so that expenditures are either equal or less than the income. Sustainable social systems maintain that all members are allowed to contribute, thereby synthesizing the final product. Corporate sustainability alludesRead MoreThe Third Sustainable Benefit Is Social Sustainability868 Words   |  4 Pagessocial sustainability. It is related to improve and develop a social condition in cities, and a process within communities that can be realized that status. For example, when standards of sustainability determine how many people or worker inside any building in city is related to environment, and how can affect environment by how much do buildings consume energy and produce waste and emissions. According to the Western Australian Council of Social Services (WACOSS),Social sustainability occurs whenRead MoreShort Report of Review on Sustainability Disclosure Essay1088 Words   |  5 PagesTo: Finance Director Subject: Short report of review on sustainability disclosure There is a growing trend among companies to disclose and report their social and environmental impacts not only concerned with the financial performance of a company but its impact on society and environment. Thus, sustainability becomes an important issue. Sustainability is the capacity to endure and is the long-term maintenance of responsibility, which included environmental, economic, and social dimensions. It

Canadian Dollar Fluctuations Essay Example For Students

Canadian Dollar Fluctuations Essay ? The Canadian dollar has declined by over thirty percent versus the United States dollar,since it was at its highest in 1970. The reason for this is mainly the following factors: theQuebec factor, the inflation factor, the productivity factor, the growth in government and taxesfactor, and the commodity price factor. These all come together to bring us to what theCanadian dollar is worth compared to the U.S. dollar today. The Quebec factor is partly responsible for the decline. ?It is no coincidence that theCanadian dollar began its descent to 69 cents in November 1976. That was the month in whichthe Parti Quebecois shocked political observers by winning the Quebec provincial election. Itwas the first, and still only, party explicitly committed to separation to assume the reins of powerin Quebec City. ?While it is generally agreed that there is a risk premium built into the Canadiandollar because of the threat of separation, no one believes that threat is responsible for thewhole, or even the bulk, of the currencys decline. The Canadian dollar is much lower because of separation because of what happenedduring the 1980 Quebec referendum. At the beginning of the campaign, in March 1980, pollsshowed the Yes side leading. In response, the Canadian dollar very quickly dropped from 87cents to 83 cents. But in May, when the No side won a resounding 60-40 per cent victory overthe separatists, the Canadian dol lar leaped back up. It was at 87 cents again in June. Thecurrencys movement in that period suggests a minimum 4 cent risk premium because ofseparation. This is roughly consistent with what happened in the subsequent October 1995referendum. On the night of the referendum, the television networks were showing the Yes sidewith a substantial lead. The Canadian dollar immediately dropped a cent. Then, however, thevotes from Montreal were counted and the momentum began to swing strongly towards the Noside. Over the next several days, the Canadian leaped 3 cents to 75 cents. Inflation means that the same amount of money purchases fewer goods and services thanbefore. It follows that if, in a given time frame, currency A undergoes more inflation thancurrency B, then A will end up purchasing relatively less goods than B. Obviously, this meanscurrency A is going to be less valuable than before. People will be more likely to sell thecurrency or to buy less of it in favor of currency B. The resu lt is that currency A declines relativeto currency B. This is an application of the Purchasing Power Parity Theorom, which holds thatexchange rates, in the long run, reflect relative national inflation performances. ?While Canadas inflation rate has been lower than the U.S. rate of late, this has not beenthe case over the last twenty five years. The United States has done better than Canada incontaining inflation during that twenty five year period. Part of the Canadian dollars decline,according to the Royal Banks John McCallum, can be attributed to this. During the summer of 1998, when the Canadian dollar was hitting all time lows, the Globe and Mails editorial page opined that Canadas lagging productivity is behind the currencys doldrums. Productivity refers to the returns generated from employing a unit of capital or labour. Rising productivity means firms are getting more value from each unit of capital and labour in which they invest. For example, you hire someone to mow you lawn for the summer at $10 an hour. At thebeginning of the summer, this individual takes one and a half hours to mow your lawn. So youpay him $15. By the end of the summer, he is mowing the lawn in an hour. Now you only haveto pay him $10. Notice that the productivity of the labour you have employed has increased: youare getting more grass cut per hour. Notice, too, that your costs have come down as a result. Thatis what rising productivity does: it allows us to produce goods and services at a lower cost. How does that affect the currency? For an exporting country like Canada, productivitys mainimpact is in international competitiveness. Higher productivity, involves lower costs, means thata countrys exports become more competitive than the goods produced by other countries. Thattranslates into higher exports, which is supportive of the currency. The opposite takes place inthe case of lagging productivity. Then a countrys costs of production b ecome higher and itsexports cannot be sold at competitive prices. Exports go down and the currency suffers. Unfortunately, Canadas productivity has declined relative to the United States in thecrucial area of manufacturing. Between 1979 and 1997, Canadian manufacturing productivityhas grown by 36%. That pales by comparison to the United States. In the same period, U.S. .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .postImageUrl , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:hover , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:visited , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:active { border:0!important; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:active , .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303 .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u74602cbbf5dac082feb76ba50a27a303:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: I am so much like you Essaymanufacturing productivity grew by seventy one percent. The Growth in Government and Taxes factor is a major reason for the drop in value. ?Led by the Fraser Institute, neoconservative commentators like to blame the fall of theCanadian dollar on the growth of the public sector and increases in taxation. With governmentmore mettlesome in its regulations and the tax take substantially higher than it was at thebeginning of the 1980s, people just do not want to invest in Canada.? Investors take theirmoney elsewhere. So they sell their Canadian dollar assets or do not buy them at all. Either way,capital flows run against the currency. The Commodity Price Factor is the most prevalent explanation of the Canadian dollarspoor performance. The argument here is that Canada is still a large exporter of natural resources;not as large as it used to be in the 1950s, but still about forty percent of its exports are naturalresource based. As such, Canadas export revenues are very sensitive to commodity pricemovements. When those prices rise, export revenues go up, helping the Canadian dollar. Butwhen commodity prices decline, the Canadi an dollar suffers. And that is what has beenhappening for most of the last twenty five years. Believing that the devaluation of the Canadian dollar has indeed had this effect on theCanadian economy, some economists have proposed that something be done to avoid it fromfurther decreasing in value. The most noteworthy proposal, along these lines, is North Americancurrency union. ?Just as the European Union has opted for one currency, the Euro, so thesignatories to NAFTA (the North American Free Trade Agreement) namely, Mexico, Canada,and the United States should adopt one currency for the continent.? No longer would we haveto worry about our dollar declining against the U.S. dollar, since we would share the samecurrency. In conclusion, the Canadian dollar has declined by over thirty percent versus the UnitedStates dollar, since 1970 mainly because of inflation and the fact that government taxes havegone up. This is why the Canadian dollar is worth what it is today. Endnotes? Boreham, Gordon F. Bodkin, Ronald, Money, Banking, and Finance: The CanadianContext (Holt, Rinehart, Winston of Canada, 1993), p. 36? Ibid. p. 43? McCallum, John Drivers of the Canadian dollar and policy implications Royal Bank ofCanada Current Analysis, August 1998, p. 12Ibid. Cooper, Sherry S, Why were getting poorer The Financial Post, Mar. 5/99, p. 3Board of Economists, Do we want one North American currency? The Financial Post, Jan. 30/99, p. 9BibliographyBibliographyBoreham, Gordon F. ; Bodkin, Ronald. Money, Banking, and Finance: The Canadian Context. Holt, Rinehart, ;Winston of Canada, 1993. Board of Economists. Do we want one North American currency? The Financial Post, Jan. 30/99. Cooper, Sherry S. Why were getting poorer The Financial Post, Mar. 5/99. McCallum, John Drivers of the Canadian dollar and policy implications Royal Bank of CanadaCurrent Analysis, August 1998. Economics

You can not just the book by its cover free essay sample

You can not just the book by Its cover Reunion by John Cheever is a short story about a son and a father who had not seen one another for 3 years after his mother divorced him. The son looked back to the day where the reunion took place. At the beginning of the story , readers can see the sons glad feeling with his opportunity meeting his father and his high expectation of his long-time-no-see father. The reference the son had to his father at he beglnnlng Is the Image ofa noble, rich, marcho businessman with graceful appearance that bring the child to think that he Nvould be something like him and would take him as his role model. Besides the positive, proud images and expectations of the son about his father can be shown by some expression my flesh and blood, he was a big, good-looking man. However, as the story go on, the reference to his father are also gradually changing through fathers character during hort time they went through together. We will write a custom essay sample on You can not just the book by its cover or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The father kept making Impression to his son In the wrong way by making himself as an excellent and superior one . For examples, he talked in Italian to waiters in one retaurant intending to show his education level , shouting some impolite words Master of the hounds! and Tallyhoo ,which is a word used by huntsmen when spotting a fox. in order to disdain and make a Joke to waiters pink Jacket uniform. The image of his father urned out to be so and impolite that his son could not pay respect and admire to him anymore . The reunion that he wished it would be a great memory to be captured as a nice photo Just continued to be fading from his mind. The sons voice that readers hardly hear until at the end of the story ,when he was about to leave him and get on the train, can imply the sons feeeling and what he want to express to his father after he see through him especially the last sentence before their departure Goodbye, Daddy

Review on Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah free essay sample

It is thought that a illionaires child would be born with a silver spoon and all the riches money could buy but that was not quite the case for our Adeline. A girl who was very tender at age and at heart She was neglected by her father, scorned by her stepmother and frowned upon by her siblings. All In all, what she felt was not love from her family but only abhorrence. She had undergone far too many blows for someone her age A read that will engender sensitivity and sympathy even among the biggest,buffest and strongest person. Chinese Cinderella took off by giving the readers the maln reason for the despise her siblings felt for Adeline. Her biological mother died of a fever two weeks after glvlng birth to Adeline but Adeline was mistook to be the reason of her mothers death. But then Mama died giving birth to you. We will write a custom essay sample on Review on Chinese Cinderella by Adeline Yen Mah or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If you had not been born, Mama would still be alive. she died because of you. You are bad luck. (Page 3) It all stems trom mama dying when you were born. Things were much nicer when she was alive. You made her go away. (Page 74) As portrayed by the heart-piercing words uttered by her siblings, they were discourteous people who had no regards tor Adelines teelings. Encouragement trom her Aunt Baba and Ye Ve (Grandfather) was er only source ot strength. Untortunately, they were not always by her side as Ye Ye passed away and Aunt Baba moved. As pages were flipped, Adelines suffering just got more brutal and anguishing. A relatable instance to the above statement would be how her brothers cheated her into drinking their urine by tempting her to enjoy a glass of orange juice alongside their company, Another tormenting experience for Adeline was when her father forgot her name and date of birth when filling in her landing card in the Tianjin airport. Adeline felt deeply hurt as her father confused her name with her stepsisters. l was such a no-body that he didnt remember my name. (Page 133) In a nutshell, Adelines childhood was a rather sad one. Nevertheless, she was a very intelligent girl who more often than not topped her class Besides all her achievements, all she ever longed for was recognition from her father _ I was winning the medal every week and wearing it constantly. I knew this displeased by siblings, especially Big sister and Second Brother, but it was the only way to make Father take notice and be proud of melPage 15) A character that was successfully portrayed as to rivet hatred towards her was Adelines stepmother, egarded as Niang In the compelling memoir Niang was a spiteful, mean in this house. (page 113) Calculative and manipulative, though outwardly charming and stylish. A matter of fact, Niang even terrorised Adeline by instilling the fear of selling Adeline off in the name of marriage Just as she did to Adelines elder sister. l imagined Niang introducing me to a strange man and ordering me to marry him. The thought filled me with horror and fear. (page 100) Niang heartlessly made Adeline feel like she was somewhat unwanted and of no use to anyone in the house. Niang as the dictator as Adelines father will never go against Niang and the last word always comes from Niang. Does he truly hate me or is he Just going along with her because he loves her more and wants a peaceful life? (page 133) An important theme centered in this anecdote is family relationships. It is a norm for a family to have ups and downs. Adeline was as much disliked as she was ignored and neglected by her family. Most of the errands that the rest of the family did not want to do ended up in Adelines hands. However much hardship Adeline encountered, she only blamed herself and never her family. Everything is ugly. I loathe myself. (p. 21 5) Her unconditional love for her family is evidently visible to all. Adeline loved school as that was the only place where no one looked down upon her as her siblings did but she never once voiced out the excruciations she faced as she did not want to embarass her family. They didnt know that, in front of them, I was desperate to keep up the pretence that I came from a normal, loving family. (page 63) How there is always a scenic rainbow after every violent storm, there was finally some light in Adelines dark life. All Adeline ever wanted was to get away from her stepmother, Niang. It was when she won first prize in an International Play-writing Competition, her father permitted he r to pursue her studies abroad. Adeline longed to study literature but her father objected and ordered her to go to medical school and specialize in obstetrics in England. Adeline Jumped at it as it was a now or never opputunity to leave all the sorrow behind and start a new beginning. For once, he was proud of me. My whole vibrated with all the Joy in the world. (page 220) Chinese Cinderella was a book that sent a message to all. To the fortunate children, it was to e pleased with what has been given and to the neglected children, it was the importance of perseverance in life. All of us have challenges to conquer and fears to be reciprocated into courage and resilience. Everyone of us can be a Cinderella and then as successful as Adeline if we hold her belief that one single positive dream is more important than a thousand negative realities. This is a read I would recommend not only to my peers but to of all ages. Everyone, boy or girl, young or old, should be made to read this book as it is captivating, heartwarming and deeply touching. Overall, it is a read that is hard to put down.

Elaine Pagels - Biblical Scholar, Expert in Gnosticism

Elaine Pagels - Biblical Scholar, Expert in Gnosticism Known for: books on Gnosticism and early Christianity Occupation: writer, professor, Biblical scholar, feminist.   Harrington Spear Paine Professor of Religion at Princeton University. Received a MacArthur Fellowship (1981).Dates: February 13, 1943 -Also known as: Elaine Hiesey Pagels Elaine Pagels Biography: Born in California on February 13, 1943, as Elaine Hiesey, married to Heinz Pagels, theoretical physicist, 1969. Elaine Pagels graduated from Stanford University (B.A. 1964, M.A. 1965) and, after briefly studying dance at Martha Grahams studio, began studying for her Ph.D. at Harvard University, where she was part of a team studying the Nag Hammadi scrolls, documents found in 1945 that shed light on early Christian debates on theology and practice. Elaine Pagels received her Ph.D. from Harvard in 1970, then began to teach at Barnard College in that same year.   At Barnard, she became the head of the religion department in 1974. In  1979 her book based on her work with the Nag Hammadi scrolls, The Gnostic Gospels, sold 400,000 copies and won numerous awards and acclaim. In this book, Elaine Pagels asserted that the differences between the gnostics and the orthodox Christians was more about politics and organization than theology.   She was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship in 1981.   In 1982, Pagels joined Princeton University as a professor of early Christian history.  Aided by the MacArthur grant, she researched and wrote  Adam, Eve, and the Serpent, which documented the shift in Christian history when Christians began to focus on a meaning of the Genesis story which stressed the sinfulness of human nature and sexuality. In 1987, Pagels son Mark died, after years of illness. The following year her husband, Heinz, died in a hiking accident. In part out of those experiences, she began working on the research leading to The Origin of Satan. Elaine Pagels has continued to research and write about the theological shifts and battles within earlier Christianity. Her book, The Origin of Satan, published in 1995, is dedicated to her two children, David and Sarah, and in 1995 Pagels married Kent Greenawalt, a law professor at Columbia University. Her Biblical work is both well-received as accessible and insightful, and criticized as making too much of marginal issues and too unorthodox. In both The Gnostic Gospels and Adam, Eve, and the Serpent, Elaine Pagels examines the way that women have been viewed in Christian history, and thus these texts have been important in the feminist study of religion. The Origins of Satan is not so explicitly feminist. In that work, Elaine Pagels shows the way that the figure Satan became a way for Christians to demonize their religious opponents, the Jews and the unorthodox Christians. Her 2003 book,  Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas , contrasts the Gospel of John with the Gospel of Thomas. She makes the argument that the Gospel of John was written to counter the gnostic ideas, especially about Jesus, and was adopted as canonical instead of the Gospel of Thomas because it fit better with the viewpoint of the other three gospels.   Her 2012 book, Revelations: Visions, Prophecy and Politics in the Book of Revelation, takes on the often controversial New Testament book.   She notes that there were many books of revelation circulating, both Jewish and  Christian, and that only this one was included in the Biblical canon.   She sees it as directed to the general public, to warn them about the war between the Jews and Rome that was then in progress, and assuring that it would turn out with the creation of a New Jerusalem. Cultural Impact Some have posited that the publication of The Gnostic Gospels inspired a more popular culture interest in gnosticism and hidden threads in Christianity, including the famous The Da Vinci Code novel by Dan Brown. Places: Palo Alto, California; New York; Princeton, New Jersey; United States Religion: Episcopalian. Awards: Among her prizes and awards: National Book Award, 1980; MacArthur Prize Fellowship, 1980-85. Major Works: The Gnostic Gospels. 1979. (compare prices) Adam, Eve and the Serpent. 1987. (compare prices) The Johannine Gospel in Gnostic Exegesis. 1989. The Gnostic Pau: Gnostic Exegesis of the Pauline Letters. 1992. The Origin of Satan. 1995. (compare prices) Beyond Belief: The Secret Gospel of Thomas. 2003. (compare prices) Reading Judas: The Gospel of Judas and the Shaping of Christianity.  Co-author Karen L. King. 2003. Revelations: Visions, Prophecy, and Politics in the Book of Revelation. 2012.

Midterm Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Midterm - Assignment Example For this reason, as per the market research organization named as IDC (Burrows 28-34), the never ending diversity of mobile application development has facilitated iPhone to quickly gain 14% of the market share with comparing to 3.5% market share of Android. However, mobile application developers highlighted an issue with the pay they receive against their work, as they were not able to make money (Burrows 28-34). The reason for this issue is the freeware available on the Internet and the applications that are purchased are very few worth 99 cents or more. Few of the mobile application developers embedded advertisements in their application and gained benefits. Again, the scope of these advertisements was limited, resulting in less effective outcomes. In order to address these issues, Apple Inc. suggested several factors or ways employing user data and geo-location technology for making advertisement legitimate. For instance, if the user is surfing the web at lunchtime, he/she will s ee an advertisement on special deals for a restaurant nearest to the location (Burrows 28-34). In this way, the gadget, i.e., the iPhone capabilities, can also be utilized effectively. By taking this new approach forward, Apple Inc. recognized that there is a requirement of a network for advertisement agencies along with the technology for focusing and targeting specific advertisements to customer behavioral characteristics (Burrows 28-34). Similarly, by the end of 2009, Apple Inc. participated in the bidding for AdMob that is a leader in mobile advertisement sector (Shah and Shah 437-438). As a result, almost 50% advertisements were broadcasted on smartphones ended on Apple gadgets including iPhone and iPod touch, as iPod touch is also compatible to execute apple applications (Burrows 28-34). However, prior to complete the bid, Google Inc. that is considered to be the tough competitor for Apple Inc. announced an astonishing amount of $750 million for the organization. Apple Inc. qu ickly turned the decision from AdMob to Waltham (Mass.)-based Quattro Wireless, which is considered to be the closest competitor for AdMob (Burrows 28-34). However, in order to achieve business goals and maintain the competitive advantage, Apple Inc. defines its Information and Communication Technology (ICT) infrastructure as: The primary objective is to lodge all the key stakeholders has been resolved Consolidated and Centralized ICT management with distributed activities Ease of Development and deployment of technologies Sharing information among different stake holders and to make them familiar with ICT Cost effective ("Shri Jagdamba Samiti") Moreover, apart from the ICT infrastructure, Apple Inc. also maintains a data warehouse containing valuable data that can facilitate advertisement business. Apple Inc. knows exactly the type of downloads requested from iTunes that may not be limited to apps, video, podcasts and comprehensive information of customers (Burrows 28-34). This upd ated customer knowledgebase enables the organization to customize its advertisement on the basis of the user preferences available in the database (Burrows 28-34). Moreover, Quattro’s ad-serving technology is also incorporated for gaining customer behavior patterns. This technology is also facilitating Netflix, Procter & Gamble and other global leaders. The customer behavior patterns provide circumstances for any customer who interacts with any one of the advertisement links or

The Greenest Preservred Historical Places in New Orleans Essay

The Greenest Preservred Historical Places in New Orleans - Essay Example These attractions therefore, greatly attract a large numbers of tourists who come to visit various places all over the country. The country has good tourism and hospitality hence enjoy a lager number of tourists every season. In this country tourism is one of the largest and most vital sectors in the economy (Poesch, 49). It is proud to amongst one of the states with several historic structures and districts. In order to uphold this status, New Orleans has come up with history preservation law which allows for designation of properties with or without the owners consent. This has been made much easier as the owner have been compensated through TDR law that facilitates the transfer of unused rights in development from properties having historical rights to those in other locations with historic landmarks(Poesch, 342). Back in 2007, New Orleans established the preservation salvage store with the sole aim of preserving the identity and architecture of the state. The store is used as a p lace to keep donated material from demolished structures. These materials are then resold to other people at low and affordable prices. Through this initiative, numerous architectural features have been reused into the famous housing store in New Orleans therefore ensuring the preservation of the rich multicultural inheritance. New Orleans is known world over of its outstanding, unique architectural designs ranging from cottages made of Creole to huge mansions on the St. Charles Avenue. Several architectural styles ranging from baroque cabildo to the considered modernist skyscrapers found in the central business district (Poesch, 276). The stores have other importance in New Orleans in that it plays a greater role in â€Å"greening† of New Orleans. For instance those materials salvaged from sand fills are environmentally safe and therefore advisable for use in rebuilding and renovation of homes. Instead of constructing new structures, the store provides an option of reinvesti ng in the cities’ present housing stock (Poesch, 92). Many might be wondering why New Orleans has been so much into advocating for building new â€Å"green† structures instead of utilizing those that are already built. It has been proven that reusing an old water bottle is a great idea instead of buying a new one. For this reason the question of why not using the old building then instead of constructing new ones? Because of this, different line of thoughts (new Orleans city council and Vieux carre commission-a conservationist group, have clashed over the idea of installation of solar panel on the roof tops in the French quarter. The council recommended that the solar panels are to be black and be placed at an angle which will blend best with the roof color. This idea was welcome by most residence who said that it was in line with objective of making French quarter an exciting, habitable community. The solar panel to be installed would in deed provide energy that can b e utilized by the residence and thereby reducing their cost of living in terms of electricity cost, this was the point being posed by the city council (Poesch, 187). According to Alter, a professor at the school of interior design, Ryerson University, best way forward to combat problems resulting from climate change is by focusing less on the â€Å"green gizmo†

Business - Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Business - Assignment - Essay Example In Hatten (2012) Knowledge Management System (KMS) can assist the managers to collect, organize, record, retrieve, and disseminate information. The Knowledge Management System manages accounts records, the company’s or business practices, documents, operational skills and the unrecorded procedures. The management system can be used in acquisition and the creation of knowledge, executed from the internal management processes as well as from the external environment. The collected information can then be integrated in the company’s policies and procedures so as to facilitate the dispersion of information to the various stakeholders. Supply Chain Management abbreviated as (CRM) is a management system which can help the managers to govern business interactions with its existing customers and the organizational operations namely service, marketing and sales (Hatten, 2012). Another management system application that can be employed by the managers is the Supply Chain Management (SCM). Based on Hatten (2012) the system facilitates effective management of a supply chain through the integration of its components. The core players or components of the supply chain include the final customers, the manufacturers, retailers and the wholesalers. The system provides a cost effective means of managing the supply chain. According Hatten (2012) Interpersonal skills refer to the life-skills managers’ use in the communication and interaction with their employees. Managers use decision making in the planning and execution of key business functions to achieve business objectives. Successful managers usually employ decision-structuring so as to minimize business complications and deadline failures. Successful managers usually use negotiation in settling of the organizational challenges. Negotiation prevents work disputes and stoppages reached through the formation of an agreement. Successful managers strive to strike the best option in settling a disagreement (Hatten,

An Evaluation Of Xmax

An Evaluation Of Xmax Introducing the basics of xMax, this paper explains the working of xMax .It also deals with the application of xMax in different fields of wireless technology. It also discusses about the advantages of xMax over other wireless technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi. xMax developed by xG Technology, Inc. is a proposed radio frequency (RF) modulation and encoding technology that will use individual or integer sinusoidal waves to convey information. While supposedly applicable to wired mediums such as copper and coaxial lines, the technology will apparently be introduced first as a wireless communications technology, whereby its developers claim that it is capable of extending the range and reducing the transmit power compared to conventional approaches, including cellular technologies and fixed wireless approaches such as WiMAX. Every aspect of the technology is designed for the highest possible efficiency and quality of service. Why xMax? xMax is designed to prioritize voice by delivering dedicated timeslots and bandwidth to every user. This approach guarantees a minimal and fixed latency for every call, which is an essential factor for any high Quality of Service (QoS) mobile VoIP system. This is in contrast to technologies like Wi-Fi and WiMAX, both of which are contention-based best effort delivery systems that are limited by scalability constraints. Working of xMax: xMax uses a transmitter similar to those used in cordless phone base stations and which operate in an unlicensed and very crowded frequency spectrum in the 900MHz band and is capable of sending a 3.7Mbit/s data signal to a radius of 18 miles, while utilizing only an omnidirectional antenna powered by a 50mW transmitter! xMax goes beyond what were considered physical limits of existing Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, Wi-Bro and radio technology, it leaves 3- and 4G in the dust, and may further prove to be also much less costly to deploy. According to the written specs distributed to the press at the demonstration xG Technology is capable of realizing performance improvements over similar transmission technologies by literally orders of magnitude 10x, 20x, 30x, 100x. xMax uses a narrow channel allocation of dedicated spectrum to coordinate reception of its non-interfering, xG Flash Signal. By using xG Flash Signaling to convey wideband data below the noise floor, xMax allows for efficient spectrum reuse by numerous users in a manner that solves the spectrum crunch. Because xG Flash Signaling accomplishes this with far less out of band energy than traditional modulation systems such as CDMA and GSM, xMax helps to clean-up the spectrum for more efficient use than is currently realized. xMax is essentially a new way of modulating data which allows enormous improvements in data rates capacity both across wireless and landline communication infrastructures. xMax does not utilize compression techniques to achieve its extraordinary results as it employs two very popular communication approaches to make an extremely more efficient use of the radio spectrum available. xMax uses a modulation technique designed to allow more data to be transmitted on a single sine wave than is required with typical modulation technologies. So instead of using more than 100,000 sine waves to transmit one bit of data, xMax uses a ratio closer to 1:1. This technique would therefore be more efficient and keep energy levels very low, which would mean devices that receive the signals wouldnt consume much power. What xMax in fact does is to intelligently blend the unique characteristics of narrow-band carrier systems with those of the non-interfering components utilized in low-power wide-band transmission systems. The end result is an exponential increase in data-rate capacity and a very significant decrease in power transmission requirements. Because of all this you can imagine how vast could be the implications of the arrival of such a disruptive transmission and data distribution technology, which would not only put rapidly out of market existing ADSL and cable operations, but it would also create immediate opportunities for broadband-based content and services to be widely distributed for a fraction of the money that it would cost today xMax would in fact enable wide and easy adoption of high-bandwidth services such as video-based real-time collaboration, high definition television (HDTV), video-on-demand, IPTV, to name some of the most popular ones. Due to its technological characteristics xMax technology can be interleaved within existing cable RF channels and can operate over existing network physical infrastructure which would clearly allow existing operators to start offering new xMax-based services without ever needing to interrupt existing services. Because of this xMax appears a strategic alternative to seriously followed by telecom that still heavily rely on landline infrastructures. In terms of specifics facts, xMax is reported to be so reliable and with such a higher level of quality that signal capacity improvements could allow cable operators to deliver over one thousand channels of broadband-like services.In the DSL universe xMax is supposed to deliver much higher data-rates while increasing the effective reach to about 21 Km from the central transmission base. Rather than an FM radio station broadcasting only radio programs or cable providers only broadcasting television, xMax would take advantage of the unused portion of the signal to also transmit data. This recycling or repurposing of spectrum is key to the new technology, according to its inventor, Joseph Bobier. xMaxs unique signal profile is a perfect fit for low frequency channels that have previously been unsuitable for wireless broadband, said Bobier. Because the sub-gigahertz spectrum has been chopped into multiple narrowband segments, it largely has been ignored by most wireless companies seeking roomier space for broadband transmissions. xMax separates the data and a signal synchronizing receiver and sender into two narrowband channels. Due to the low power level needed, the signals do not interfere with other spectrum users, says Whitely. In order to pick up the very weak signal, a filter must be added to an off-the-shelf antenna, allowing the broadband data to be heard. xG xMax digital and RF boards xMax products : xMax user devices include mobile phones and, in the future, modems and other communications products. The xMax TX60 Handset is xGs first mass-production mobile phone. It is a versatile, full-featured handset that has been designed to provide exceptional QoS (quality of service), with both domestic and international service options. The handset product family supports calls and data over the xMax network, as well as over the public internet using standard home, office, and hotspot WiFi connections. The TX60 supports the proprietary, high-performance xMax air-interface. This feature-rich, IP-based handset has been designed to be future-proof , with new capabilities made available through software upgrades. This includes the ability to upgrade the xMax radio to 3G based on its Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology. Engineering design for xMax handsets has been provided by Cambridge Consultants UK, Ltd., one of the foremost wireless innovators in the world. Advantages of xMax: xMax technology offers advantages for numerous types of prospective domestic and international carriers. These organizations include incumbent local exchange carriers (ILEC), competitive local exchange carriers (CLEC), original equipment manufacturers (OEM), mobile operators, cable companies and other content providers, and infrastructure mobile virtual network enablers (MVNE). xMax, is a 900MHz wireless technology and uses less than 1 Watt of power. What makes xMax unique is its sharing of crowded radio spectrum, such as the frequencies used by cable television or Wi-Fi. The consumption of power in xMax is less when compared to other wireless technology devices. xMax offers consumers the prospect of lower phone bills because: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ xMax transmits over unlicensed spectrum-the same as baby monitors and cordless phones. Major national cellular carriers paid billions of dollars for licensed spectrum that they recoup from customers. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ xMax was built as a totally Internet-based digital system from top to bottom-an extremely cost efficient communication approach. Roger Branton, COO for xG Technology said that xMax is essentially a new long-distance UWB (ultra-wideband)-like wireless technology, and was quick to make the distinction between xGs xMax and UWB technology. He says, xMax is not UWB. The first xMax products slated for release later this year will utilize the ISM 900MHz unlicensed band, which is only 26MHz wide. UWB utilizes something like 500MHz in the high gigahertz frequencies. xG claims that xMax supports more efficient communication over wireless or wired links than other technologies. About this efficiency, Bobier said that, We believe efficiency boils down to how many bits you can move over a given amount of spectrum per watt. If you can move more bits of information with less power, you pollute the spectrum less, thereby making it possible for more users to access the spectrum. xMax operates at low, sub-gigahertz frequencies and can be used for communication without the common line-of-sight issues that happen at higher frequencies. Bobier says if you can use these frequencies and still be broadband, you compare with fixed wireless technologies doing things in the microwave area. WiMax, which has been described as Wi-Fi on steroids, has a range of up to 30 miles and can deliver broadband at a theoretical maximum of 75mbps. But today, power consumption is so high on WiMax receivers that they cannot be used in consumer products such as laptops, let alone on handheld devices such as cell phones. Uses of xMax in future technologies: According to Whitely, the technology will benefit rural ISPs due to the lower number of base stations required. xMax, because it has 20 times the range of Bluetooth, could challenge that technology Other possibilities are enterprise WLANs and metropolitan networks. Use of xMax to reduce the power consumptions in wireless technologies to a greater extent. Some current performance claims Antenna: One omnidirectional transmitter located on TV broadcast tower at a height of 850 feet. Range: 20 miles, covering the cities of Miami and Fort Lauderdale, including inside buildings. Data rate: At least 10 Mbit/s throughout the coverage area. Spectrum used: A 6 kHz carrier on dedicated spectrum and 10 MHz of information-bearing spread spectrum in the unlicensed 900 MHz band. Interference: None, despite the presence of a TV transmitter on the same tower. Power: A maximum of 50 W for the carrier and less than 0.15 W for the information-bearing channels Conclusion: Thus, xMax is emerging wireless technology which has many applications at present and possible more applications in future saving a lot of power in day to day activities Thus , xMax is emerging wireless tech

A heart, a life, a cure

What causes heart problems? Young and old people alike have been keen on the effects of heart problems mostly leading to stroke, disability of immobility, even death.We know of the heart as a concept of biological lifeworks affecting the brain, blood flow and other functions of human overall body system. The context of the heart continuously contracting, pumping and relaxing warrants constant supply of oxygen carrying blood and nutrients. The presence of cholesterol plaque which was found to accumulate through the years will successfully block the flow in the coronary artery. This is turn will deprive the heart of its vital requirement.Lately people have realized the importance of looking to the effects of high cholesterol and diet but it seems not to work on a lot of adults anymore. Are we coming in to the theory of starting life, in its literal meaning, at a very early age of pre teens like the age of ten to twelve? Finding difficulties in controlling the disease implies human inte lligence inability to create appropriate interventions. This paper seeks to recommend early age intervention as appropriate part solution at a macro level of the problem. Let’s take a look with the cause of heart system failures.Cholesterol plaque is seen to be increased by smoking, fatty foods, inactivity, high blood pressure and high cholesterol levels. The five causes are notably common and are expected to affect people in as early as the age of thirty.Cholesterol build up may not be detected immediately since it is slow and accumulates over years. Cholesterol plaque grows and merged with other cholesterol plaques that has infiltrated through the walls of the artery through the years. Plaque rupture and heart attacks structural damage are irreversible and shall be noted and understood by every human being on this planet.Smoking reflects social habits, social classification, and produces layers of platelets that progresses to thrombosis or blood clots resulting to rapid inc rease of heart rate (Schneider 2006).High blood pressure is the common product of stress generated psychosocial factors of anger, hostility, depression, work overload, and anxiety. Cholesterol rich diet more in saturated fat increases cholesterol levels.Dissecting each of the causes and realizing the effects on controlling over intake in an adult will make us understand that doctors may just be generating prescriptions to extend life and sustain the heart but not intervention. Intervention in an adult stage where cholesterol plaques were already accumulated and have been affecting heart beats is a matter of superficial medical practice.Analysis will show that man as intelligent as he is cannot prevent the onset of cholesterol deposits which immaturity and childhood practices of more saturated fats intake have been made a fad for children and youth. Diet and practices before teens are simply irresistible and uncontrollable where parents commonly regard it as an approved or agreeable food habits. In the life of a person, please take note where you eat most of the don’ts and you will see that it is in the pre teens. This is the age where cholesterol intake interventions shall be properly managed and controlled.The psychosocial conditions of stress and smoking in both adult and young people are always present no matter how hard the government seeks to control economics and environment. The heart disease effect is one sure thing which a general prescription to sustain blood flow can be generated to extend life but the attempt to make interventions on the psychosocial factors of stress and smoking points to a lot of relevant network of sub problems and headaches.Everything refers to a change in the menu, availability of the food, corresponding budget, and a whole lot of factors covering human interaction and stress. Research has not even started to perfect the failing conditions of family life and failing government strategies. These are the contributing fact ors of mankind’s failure to decrease heart illness death rates. The only option available is treatment of emergencies and prolonging life. That is our reality and it still is not changing.

A Greater Extent Than Males

Why are sexually transmitted diseases more likely to affect females to a greater extent than males? †¢ Sexually transmitted diseases are more likely to affect females to a greater extent than males because they expose a greater surface area of mucous membrane during sexual contact. Why is a woman more likely to get an STD from an infected male than a male is to get it from an infected female? †¢ A woman is more likely to get an STD from an infected male than a male is to get it from an infected female because females expose a greater surface area of mucous membrane during sexual contact than males.Why is a woman less likely to show symptoms of an STD than is a male? †¢ Women are less likely to show symptoms because the infected area is not easily seen and the urethra is less likely to be infected, so there is a less chance of pain. List 5 areas where mucous membranes are found. 1. Urethra 2. Vagina, Uterus, Fallopian Tubes 3. Vulva 4. Rectum 5. Eyes How do bacteria cau se disease? †¢ Bacteria cause disease by producing harmful chemicals, which are toxins of enzymes. These toxins kill or damage body cells.The damage to the body cells causes the symptoms of the disease. How does the structure of bacterial cells differ from that of human cells? †¢ Bacterial cells have a slightly different structure than that of human cells. These structural differences are important because they allow antibiotics to kill bacteria without killing host, or human, cells. Why can antibiotics kill bacteria without killing the host cells? †¢ Bacteria cells are smaller than human cells and have a simpler structure. How do antibiotics kill bacteria? Antibiotics kill bacteria by either preventing bacteria from making cell walls, preventing bacteria from making complete proteins, or damaging the plasma membrane. How do bacteria become resistant to antibiotics? †¢ Bacteria get their resistance from genes that inactivate the antibiotics, pump the antibiotics out of the cell, or allow them to function in spite of antibiotics. Bacteria get these resistance genes through mutation and selection or from other bacteria through plasmids that carry genes for resistance. Which STDs are caused by bacteria? †¢ STDs caused by bacteria include Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, and Syphilis.

The Gentleman Fled on Foot

The Gentleman Fled on Foot The Gentleman Fled on Foot The Gentleman Fled on Foot By Maeve Maddox My local TV news team never lets me down when it comes to egregious misuse of the English language. This week they reported on a man who killed his two-month-old son by crushing his ribs and slamming his head against the side of his crib. Youll never guess what the reporter called this monstrous sicko in the introduction to the story. She referred to him as Frustrated Dad. Surely a more neutral noun than dad would have been preferable in this contextparent, for example. (For that matter, frustrated seems mild for the circumstances, but thats another post.) Newswriters would do well to weigh their choice of words against the context of the story being reported on. Moms, dads, and kids might be acceptable in reporting on Little League or a school picnic, but such folksy terms dont belong in stories about child abuse, poverty, or juvenile delinquency. The title of this post comes from a news story about a man who robbed a bank branch and escaped on foot. I cant remember if it was the reporter or the policeman being interviewed, but one of them said the gentleman fled on foot. This bizarre use of the word gentleman to refer to a bank robber is similar to the tendency of writers to apply the honorific Mr. to felons. Unless your publication has a specific policy, dont imply respect for the criminal by calling him Mr. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Talkingâ€Å"As Well As† Does Not Mean â€Å"And†10 Types of Hyphenation Errors

buy custom Al Futtaim Group essay

buy custom Al Futtaim Group essay Al Futtaim Company has grown tremendously since its establishment in 1930. The companys headquarter is based in Dubai and United Arab Emirates. This company has expanded its business activities, and it is currently offering arrange of high quality products and services to its clients worldwide. Apart from diversification, Al Futtaim Company has extended its presence to various countries. For instance, it has opened various outlets in the Middle East and Europe. This expansion process has been characterized by a significant increase in its number of employees. At present, the company has over twenty thousand employees serving in various outlets. Maintaining this huge number of employees has been a challenge to this company. In order to overcome this challenge, the company has adopted a more effective strategy for coordinating its human resource services. In this case, the company has shifted from a decentralized to a centralized HR system. This is because the decentralized system of managing its workers was marred with a lot of inefficiency, which often caused dissatisfaction among its employees. A centralized HR system has also enabled the company to streamline and merge its HR services. With regard to this strategy, the company is currently using SAP ERP HCM software. This computer program has enhanced a smooth transition from the old HR system to the new one. The sophisticated nature of this program has enabled the employees to handle and access basic HR services independently. For instance, the employees can adjust their profiles, and make various requests through this system. Besides this, the software has facilitated quick processing of requests and effective preparation of payrolls. By consolidating its HR practices, Al Futtaim Company has been able to mitigate expenses associated with managing its human resource operations. Moreover, the software has been a greet source of motivation to the personnel, since it is efficient. Consequently, the company has registered a significant growth within the few months it has been using the centralized system. Buy custom Al Futtaim Group essay

SAM 450 UNIT 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SAM 450 UNIT 8 - Assignment Example However, there are certain fundamental elements of corporate sponsorships that are worth noting. These include advertising and sponsored property. In this regard, whereas the sponsor agrees to sponsor an athlete or sporting club, the sponsor also benefits through television adverts, which are aired during the programme breaks. Accordingly, it becomes clear that corporate sponsorship aims to create a mutual benefit between the sponsor and the sponsored. However, before entering into a sponsorship agreement, there are certain fundamental considerations that an athlete or a sporting club and the sponsor should take into consideration. Firstly, both parties must ensure that the sponsorship agreement being entered into will create mutual benefit (Stier, 2011). In this case, the sponsored party must ensure that the sponsor is worth the money. Similarly, the sponsor must also ensure that the athlete or the sporting club to be sponsored can attract large audience viewing to enable its product brand reach many people. Secondly, the parties to the sponsorship agreements must ensure that they all the terms of engagements, including the sponsorship duration, circumstances that might result into termination of the agreements and renewal terms. Thirdly, it is critical for the parties to sponsorship agreements to agree on the sponsorship fees before entering into a written agreement. Lastly, the parties to the sponsorship agreement should ensure that the obligations of both the athlete or sporting club and the sponsor are clearly defined and documented to minimize chances of

EFFECTIVE PROGRAMS FOR HISPANIC STUDENTS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7000 words

EFFECTIVE PROGRAMS FOR HISPANIC STUDENTS - Essay Example Ð s bilinguÐ °l students first intense encounter with the English lÐ °nguÐ °ge Ð °nd with Ð mericÐ °n culture Ð °nd society, schools must overcome sociÐ °l Ð °ttitudes opposed to the sociÐ °l Ð °nd Ð °cÐ °demic development of bilinguÐ °l leÐ °rners. Successful schools creÐ °te Ð ° productive Ð °cÐ °demic environment Ð °nd Ð °n Ð °ccepting community. Ð lthough schools cÐ °nnot chÐ °nge the sociÐ °l reÐ °lity, they cÐ °n creÐ °te Ð ° different society within their wÐ °lls. Getting to know the students Ð °nd their fÐ °milies Ð °s well Ð °s welcoming their lÐ °nguÐ °ges Ð °nd cultures cÐ °n build Ð ° coherent community where the bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °m becomes Ð °n integrÐ °l pÐ °rt of the school. Improvement of bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °ms necessitÐ °tes fundÐ °mentÐ °l chÐ °nges within the whole school becÐ °use the overÐ °ll quÐ °lity of the school will Ð °ffect the bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °m. For the most pÐ °rt, good bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °ms exist within good schools. To creÐ °te Ð ° sound context for bilinguÐ °l leÐ °rners schools should set cleÐ °r goÐ °ls, creÐ °te Ð ° bilinguÐ °l biculturÐ °l society, integrÐ °te the bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °m into the school community, know the bilinguÐ °l students, provide leÐ °dership Ð °nd support for the bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °m, set high expectÐ °tions for bilinguÐ °l students, hire quÐ °lity personnel willing Ð °nd prepÐ °red to work with bilinguÐ °l students, estÐ °blish productive pÐ °rtnerships with pÐ °rents Ð °nd communities of the bilinguÐ °l students. Commitment of principÐ °ls Ð °nd mÐ °instreÐ °m stÐ °ff to the progrÐ °m Ð °nd the students mÐ °kes it possible for bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °ms to be integrÐ °ted into the whole school. Ð ll stÐ °ff Ð °nd not only the bilinguÐ °l stÐ °ff should be responsible for the bilinguÐ °l students educÐ °tion. In turn, the bilinguÐ °l stÐ °ff should pÐ °rticipÐ °te in generÐ °l school Ð °ctivities Ð °nd decision mÐ °king. When curriculum improvement or speciÐ °l progrÐ °ms Ð °re introduced, the bilinguÐ °l progrÐ °m should Ð °lso be included. RegÐ °rdless of

Selected Retailer in Tesco Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Selected Retailer in Tesco - Case Study Example Its customer data –base includes not only details about its client’s interests, and but also contains of an assorted variety of other food-associate services and non-food services and products and also the life-style and demographic details of its shoppers which include total dollars expended on food products in its stores and the customer response to its product promotion and allied programs. (Shajahan 2006:205). For the first time in the year 2005, Tesco achieved the thirty percent market share in the grocery market in UK.TESCO is the first retailer in UK to report revenues more than  £ 2 billion. This is really astonishing as this means that every  £8 spent by UK shoppers, about  £1 will be spent in Tesco stores. TESCO during 2008/09 recorded net sales of  £ 1.9 billion and its profit during the year touched a new height of  £ 109 million. TESCO online shopping website is the top five most visited retail websites on the global level, and it attracts about 3.3 million visitors on a weekly basis. TESCO is distributing about 12 million catalogues during a year and receives about 475,000 orders per week. It has the most effective distribution system and has about 2000 home delivery vans and offers employment for more than 20000 individuals. (Wade-Gery 2009). Tesco’s online retail sales are on the increase on an annual basis. Total online sales by adult population were just 17% in 2003, which jumped to a whooping figure of 62 percent in 2010. Though, Tesco’s online sale is only 7% of total retail sales of UK, but there is a still bright prospect for growth potential in this sector. (Wade-Gery 2009). TESCO’s online business is not only large but also rapidly developing. Online business adds more revenue to Tesco, and it has a competitive advantage as a multi-channel offers are being made. TESCO online business is of low capital intensity in nature but with high returns. Further, the  the online grocery market presents plenty of growth to Tesco as Tesco has penetrated about 3% of overall online grocery market in UK but only about 6.7% of Tesco’s grocery sales are made through online.

Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Global Warming Essay The global carbon cycle is one of the most important biogeochemical cycles in nature and should be considered with special emphasis because of constantly increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Basically, the term â€Å"global carbon cycle† describes the movement of all forms of carbon, which is the fourth abundant chemical element in our universe and essential for the structure and/or energy production for every living organism, between the atmosphere, oceans, biosphere and geosphere. Two main parts of the carbon cycle can be distinguished, i. e.the geological carbon cycle (with a turnover time in the range of millions of years), and the biological carbon cycle (which operates at time scales ranging between days and thousands of years). In short, in the geological cycle, processes like weathering and erosion are forming carbonates from atmospheric CO2 and water which are reacting with minerals in the earth’s surface and eventually washed the into the oceans where they settle in sediments. The much faster carbon turnover in the biological cycle includes processes like photosynthesis and respiration, both key phenomena of life. 2. A greenhouse gas is a gas in the atmosphere that allows sunlight enter the atmosphere and reach the earth’s surface, but then prevents a certain portion of the reflected radiation (mainly this is the infrared or â€Å"heat† part of the spectrum) to leave the atmosphere towards open space again. Due to this effect, a â€Å"greenhouse† effect, similar to that wanted and used in agricultural greenhouses to grow plants faster and earlier due to warmer temperatures, develops and gradually heats up the atmosphere. This leads to global warming with all the negative effects discussed in the next paragraph. CO2 is both, a naturally occurring and man-made greenhouse gas, that together with other natural (water vapour, methane and nitrous oxide) and man-made substances (e. g. gases used for aerosols and cooling liquids) is responsible for global warming, the man-made amount of atmospheric CO2 however alarmingly rising. 3. â€Å"Global warming† describes the slight, but constant and gradual elevation of our atmosphere’s temperature, especially realized as a man-made effect within the last decades. Although times of global warming have repeatedly occurred on our planet long before humans could contribute (e. g. ice-age and warming periods), the dramatic increase of man-made atmospheric CO2 due to industrialization, excessive agriculture, and transportation leads, due to the previously described greenhouse effect, to a global rise in temperatures. With growing certainty that rise is understood to be responsible for an increasing occurrence of catastrophic events such as changes in weather (storms and hurricanes, heavy rain and snow, desertification), elevation of sea level (flooding), or melting of glaciers and arctic ice shelves. 4. There are diverse causes of global warming including natural processes such as carbon dioxide exhausting from rotting organic matter, atmospheric water vapour or natural gases like methane. However it is more and more agreed that the recent dramatic increase in global warming is mainly caused by a man-made elevation in atmospheric CO2 by transportation, agriculture and industries. Such elevated concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere and all their negative effects (see above) not only cause global warming by direct influence, but also interact with natural processes, altogether outbalancing the global carbon cycle and destabilizing our climate with unpredictable consequences. 5. The Kyoto Protocol has been signed by the United Nations on Dec. 11th 1997 in Kyoto, Japan with the intention to set measures against progressive climate changes. For the first time in history, the participating nations (until today 136 nations signed and ratified the protocol) agree on threshold levels and the reduction of the production of greenhouse gases within the protocol’s validation period from 2005 until 2012. 5. Unfortunately shaming poor. The United States signed the Kyoto protocol when it was initiated, but (together with Australia) never ratified the agreements. However, Australia started to ratify the agreements in the year 2007 after a change in their government, leaving the USA (who under President G. W. Bush shows no intention to ratify the contract in the near future) back in shame alone†¦ 6. Of course YES! The US considers itself as one of the world’s leading nations. Doubtlessly it is one of the world’s leading industrial nations, which is good for wealth and progress, but also implies a big responsibility, since due to its industry the US is also one of the leading producers of CO2. Thus, the US contributes a major part to the worldwide greenhouse effect and therefore to global warming as well. So why does the US not act responsible in terms of environmental issues? Profit and industrial interests are a strong power worldwide and very often refuse sustainable actions and environmental care, but in contrast to the US the other nations who signed the Kyoto Protocol at least start acting responsible. To my opinion it is a shame for the US to ignore alarming facts and signs of global warming and not even try to show some responsibility for our planet and future generations. So, even if the Kyoto Protocol is certainly not the final solution to growing environmental challenges, it is a beginning and can be the start of a sustainable and more responsible human future. However, to allow that beginning, cooperation and good will of all nations, including the US is essential.

Short Story Writers :: Writers Literature Fusco Essays

Short Story Writers "And then I woke up."Thus goes the kind of "trick ending" that every first year writing student is told to avoid, a mark of cheap theatrics and poor craftsmanship.Historically, this kind of ending is often associated with Guy de Maupassant, the prolific French writer of the 19th century, or his 20th century American heir apparent, O. Henry (William S. Porter).In this well researched and at moments insightful book, Richard Fusco argues that Maupassant's bad rap as first and foremost the inventor and disseminator of the "trick ending" is undeserved.What Fusco feels Maupassant does deserve is recognition as perhaps the single most important influence on American short story writers of the late 19th and early 20th century, particularly Ambrose Bierce, Kate Chopin, Henry James, and of course O. Henry.However, even as Fusco's readings of these writers are laudable in their thoroughness (with the exception of his treatment of O. Henry), his overall argument seems finally too dependent on an understanding of "trick ending" which does not make necessary distinctions, and is therefore superficial enough to accommodate nearly any writer one cares to name. Not that Fusco doesn't differentiate between types of trick endings.In fact, he develops his own seven categories of stories--from the simplest (linear) to most complex (sinusoidal)--based on their varying "placement and number of discovery points for the reader."The first two chapters, where Fusco limits himself to a thorough and interesting analysis of narrative structure in Maupassant, are the best of the book.However, in shifting his terms from "trick endings" to "discovery points," Fusco deprives his argument of its specificity and thus its power. To cite one example: Fusco argues that Maupassant and Bierce were similar in that they "favored fictive structures that depended on last-second, ironic reversals in the reader's perception."He then uses this theorized similarity to compare Maupassant's much-anthologized "The Necklace" to the that of Bierce's equally popular "Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge."In analyzing these (and other) stories by the two writers, Fusco uses Poe's "unity of effect" as a synonym for "discovery point" (which is in itself too reductionist a reading of what Poe meant).However, unity of effect for Maupassant in "The Necklace" is utterly dependent on information unavailable to the reader, i.e., that the necklace is paste, and thus the reader's "discovery" depends entirely on an absence, a trick of concealment, as in a "bad" murder mystery.In "Owl Creek," on the other hand, one need only read closely in the section where Peyton first falls from the bridge (and, in reality, dies) to obtain all the informatio n necessary to correctly interpret the rest of the story as an hallucination.

Bruce Dawe Homecoming Essay

Bruce Dawe is a famous and iconic Australian poet; his poems feature his numerous personal experiences and opinions about the futility and brutality of war. Bruce Dawe oft questions the need and validity of war; he talks about the dehumanization and utter brutality the young Australian men face. The poem â€Å"Homecoming† raises the public issue of military dehumanization and the futility of the men who enlist. This poem provokes us as individuals, and as a society to question why. In Bruce Dawe’s â€Å"Homecoming†, he explores personal and public issue of lack of identity and the indiscriminate slaughter of young men in the Vietnam War. Dawe refers to green bodies in â€Å"green plastic bags†, shows the lack of identity and invokes emotions from the reader. The dead soldiers are also being categorized as â€Å"curly heads, kinky-hairs, crew-cuts and balding non-coms†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this categorization further reinforces the idea of dehumanization and lack of identity. This certain technique gives us a detailed insight into the personal and public issues that families and the public would have faced. Another technique used in â€Å"Homecoming† that helps us gain an insight into the personal and public experiences is the use of irony. The title homecoming usually implies a heroic or celebratory return with family and friends. It also invokes a sense of anticipation for the return of a particular individual, however the title is ironic as the â€Å"Homecoming†, is related to the mourning and death of a nameless soldier. Another affective us of irony would be the repetition of the suffix -ing; â€Å"picking†, â€Å"zipping†, â€Å"tagging†, â€Å"giving† and â€Å"bringing†. These words are the actions of the processors; they usually imply life and strength but are used ironically as the processors handle the cold, limp and lifeless bodies. This also gives us an interesting insight into the personal problems families and friends would have to endure. Bruce Dawe explores different personal and public issues within his poems. In â€Å"Homecoming†, he talks about the futility and lack of identity these young  soldiers face. He explores these different personal and public issues through a use of effective techniques such as irony, repetition, imagery, metaphors and rhythm. All of these techniques give us a compelling insight into the personal experiences and public issues of the Vietnam war.

Pet Sounds vs. Rubber Soul

Sha'rron Shelby Cynthia Bartles ENG 104 3/27/13 Essay two Final â€Å"Pet Sounds† vs. â€Å"Rubber Soul† Have you ever heard of the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds and the Beatles' Rubber Soul? If not I recommend that you listen to these albums, especially if you love someone. Speaking of these bands there are many differences and similarities when it comes to the love and the friendship that the artists between these two albums. As you can tell the band members has been through many major things throughout their life.Also you can tell that both of the Beach Boys and The Beatles have been through many situations by the way their music is mixed up and by the way the performed during their concerts. From my point of view, I believe the Pet Sounds album was the best between the two albums because it was excellent. I can personally relate to the Pet Sounds album because I'm pretty much going through the same thing with my relationship. Now don't get me wrong the Rubber Soul album wa s cool but there was a lot of love and affection, and the companionship that was demonstrate throughout the Pet Sounds album that makes me love it so much.Both of the bands have been through plenty of things throughout their lifetime. You can tell that the guys have been going through a cluster of things because of the lyrics and their music choice. Speaking of the albums, in Rubber Soul, â€Å"Michelle†, this song is all about being in love with a girl that is French. The lyrics explain that this man is absolutely in love with this woman and he is doing everything possible to show her that. He just wants to inform her that she has nothing to worry about and that he wants to be her everything.He always tells her that he loves her on the account of her being French and because the only words that she understands in English. This guy has proven that he is in love with this woman when he says: â€Å"I need to, I need to, I need to. I need to make you see,Oh, what you mean to me . Until I do I'm hoping you willKnow what I mean. I love you†¦ † I admire these lyrics because this man is trying his best to prove to this woman that he is really in love and he is going to do whatever it takes to get her to understand. However, I really dislike the beat that was made with this song.The beat and the way there were singing made it seem like there were not interested at all in the girl they were singing about.. But The Beach Boys' took a different route with â€Å"Wouldn’t it be nice† The lyrics says: â€Å"Wouldn't it be nice if we were olderThen we wouldn't have to wait so longAnd wouldn't it be nice to live togetherIn the kind of world where we belongYou know it’s gonna make it that much betterWhen we can say goodnight and stay together† And when I hear these lyrics I think of my own relationship because that is where I'm at in my life.The song has a very nice beat, with the guys singing so lovely and joyful. In this song he explains how he has either a close friend or a girlfriend and wants to make it where they can start living together so they can hold onto one another all day and night, wake up to each other and possibly get married. They don't want to continue talking about living together; they want to make it happen. Both songs have good reasoning of showing they are in love with the person they are communicating with. I personally think both songs are amazing because they speak about real love in my eyes.But I liked the song â€Å"Wouldn’t it be nice† because it really shows a lot of love and affection and I can personally connect with the song. I can personally connect with the song because my boyfriend and I feel the same exact way when it comes to this song. On the Rubber Soul album, there is a song called â€Å"Wait† and it is very beautiful. This man has asked either his friend or girlfriend to wait for him until he had come home again. They have had some ups and downs, like regular couples do and he just wants her to wait for him. If her heart is still broken after all the stuff they been through, then he does not want her to wait for him.But if she can wait, he hopes that she will not move on and just wait for his return. In the song he says: â€Å"It's been a long time, now I'm coming back home. I've been away now, oh, how I've been alone. Wait till I come back to your side,we'll forget the tears we cried. But if your heart breaks don't wait, turn me away. And if your heart's strong, hold on, I won't† I thought it was so wonderful. But it still leaves questions like why did he leave in the first place and where did he go? But I also want to know what made him want to leave knowing that he didn't want to lose her.As the song plays, it sounds very exciting, but I just don't like all of the instruments being used throughout this song. It’s like they were trying too hard to make something of the song. Besides, there is a song called, â€Å"You still believe in me† by the Beach Boys'. In this song a guy is probably not where he needs to be mentally or physically. He has done so much to this girl that she still shows him love and support. He has tried his hardest to be what she wants him to be but cannot help the way that he acts when she is not with him.In the lyrics he says: â€Å"Every time we break up, you bring back your love to me, And after all I've done to you, How can it be† As you can see, he has realized that he has done something very terrible to her a couple times and he is trying to figure out why does she keeps forgiving him and still believes in him. Now the instruments they have decided to use for this song is so perfect and relaxing. I really like how they changed their voice tones throughout the song from a high to low pitch. In both of these songs, you can tell that these guys have women that really love them and want to be with them.Even after all of the tears an heart break, the y still want to continue lovely them so deeply and strong. But the song that I really enjoyed was â€Å"You still believe in me†. I really enjoyed this song because I can kind of relate this song to my relationship. At the beginning of our relationship, he was not mentally ready to settle down but after two months he settled down and was fully committed to me. Also there were a lot of things he didn't believe in his self about but I helped him to start believing in his self because I believed in him.Speaking of both of the bands, they most definitely speak on the love for the woman they are in a relationship with. In the song â€Å"Caroline, No†, by the Beach Boys, the woman told him that she would never change herself and eventually she did. In the song he says, â€Å"Where did you long hair go, Where is the girl I use to know, How could you lose that happy glow Oh, Caroline no†, And by him saying those words, you can tell he is a little upset because she said that she would never change. As I listen to the song, I can feel the pain that he is going through, and know that he is very emotional.While you listen to the beat it’s very smooth and touching. In contrast, the song â€Å"Run for your life† has a very fast beat and it sounds very exciting. I'm surprised at the beat and the way they are singing because you would have thought they would have been very angry or would have had a very hard mean beat instead of a happy one. When he says, â€Å"Well I'd rather see you dead, little girl, Than to be with another man, You better keep your head, little girl, Or I want know where I am†, I feel so sorry for that girl that she even had to go through that tragedy.I couldn't imagine a guy wanting to kill a little girl because she does not want to be with him. But back in the day, I guess those are the type of things that you would have had to expect. But it’s very sad because as we speak, now days many little girls lose the lives because they choose not to be with someone and the person felt like if you didn't want to be with them then they don't want you to be with nobody else. Then they will kill you so that you would not be able to date other people. There is some love in these songs but more of affection.It is crazy how guys think now days about how to be in a relationship and it still happens in today society. Most of all I really adore the song â€Å"Caroline, No† because you can feel that he is upset and he wants the old her back. As a final point, I really enjoyed the â€Å"Pet Sound† album the most because of the adoration, attachment, and friendship that was delineated throughout the album. But I can also say that I enjoyed the â€Å"Rubber Souls† album because some of the lyrics but it was the instruments that were used that I didn't care for.Even though these people had hard times throughout their life as far as the love goes, they still made it and I hope they eve ntually found true love. There were many similarities and differences that were approached throughout these two albums because of the way they expressed their love and care for their woman. But both of the albums were really based on love. So back to the question I ask earlier, have you ever heard of the Beach Boys, â€Å"Pet Sound† album and the Beatles, â€Å"Rubber Soul†? After reading this essay I'm pretty sure you will want to look them up and get to know them especially if you are in love with someone.

scrambled essay essays

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PG Organizational studies

PG Organizational studies Introduction In an effort to evaluate economic aspects and concepts in relation to an organization setting, this term paper focuses on a popular consumer company Proctor and Gamble, (PG), namely, on its organizational structure, employee compensation package, job design and dimension, as well as recommendations made in an effort to improve its operations.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on PG: Organizational studies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Company description Proctor and Gamble, commonly referred to as PG is a giant consumer good producer whose offices are distributed all over the world. What initially was a business partnership of its founders Proctor and Gamble, PG has become what it is today as a result of excellent and aggressive branding. The company has an impressive and extensive product line, which ranges from pet foods, cleaning agents, personal care products and until recently, foods and beverage s, making it one of the largest consumer goods companies in the world. This position has been complemented further upon the acquisitions the company has made overtime in a bid to diversify its product line. This has culminated to the substantial increase in profits. The company restructured its operations from its former global structure to embracing the matrix structure that has resulted into the categorization of the structure to include two Global Business Units with each unit, further divided into Business Segments, namely, beauty segment, grooming segment, health care segment, snacks and pet care segment, fabric care, home care segment, baby care and family home care segment. As a result of embracing this structure, the company sales levels have soared as a result of faster decision making, which is made possible due to the decentralization aspect brought about by the structure. PG has a leading position in many areas of consumer products, making its brand decision desirable to many firms. Good leadership, coupled with a combined team effort from all employees in all PG’s subsidiaries have strengthened its stance in the global arena, enabling the company to survive and thrive in an increasingly competitive global market for over 100 years. This has led to the fact that the company has received numerous honors, such as the Fortune magazine award of the Global Top companies for leaders and also awarded it the fifth place among the most popular companies.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to Chief Executive Magazine, PG is the best overall company for leadership development as depicted in its list of the 40 best firms for leaders (Daft, 2010). These achievements have not come easy as hard work and dedication have been the driving forces of the company’s success. Organizational structure An organizational structure , according to Daft (2010) is defined as a diagrammatic and architectural representation of a firm’s processes and procedures. In other words, it refers to an organizational hierarchy of people and how information flows within the organization. Taking due consideration of this definition, Proctor and Gamble has adopted a matrix organizational structure. Being a multinational firm with widespread networks all over the world, the structure is most appropriate for handling global operations. This has seen the firm decentralize its operations, enabling it to open up the regional front in areas it represents by means of appointing regional directors. The directors handle activities from the divisions available in that specific region and reports to the Headquarters. In this case, the firm has needs decentralization so the regional agencies could enjoy a great deal of autonomy in decision making. It has proved beneficial as each market is unique and different from the other one as each serves consumers who are themselves different, hence have different tastes and preferences. In a bid to address this issue and serve their customers effectively by responding to their needs, the matrix structure becomes most appropriate. This is a deviation from the global structure the firm had adopted as part of its global strategy. With this structure, it was characterized by centralized decision making, coordination and control at the level of key functional activities, such as research and development, operations and marketing, thereby seeing agencies receiving directives via direct communication from the Headquarters. This goes, however, against the advancements made possible due to the courtesy of the matrix structure.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on PG: Organizational studies specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The matrix structure also makes the global dimension be represented by the executive in cha rge of the worldwide product division while the local dimension is in the hands of the business units in the countries. As part of its marketing strategy, PG has 7 Market Development Organizations (MDOs), responsible for marketing products in the global regions where its presence is felt (Company 2013). Agency problem Lasher (2010) defines an agency problem as a conflict of interest, arising when people (agents) entrusted to look after the interests of others (principals) use the authority or power for their own benefit instead. In this case, the agent’s interest is self-motivated and overrides the one of the principals’, which should not be the case. This problem, also referred to as principal-agent problem, is most prevalent in organizations that offer a great deal of autonomy in decision making, enabling the trustees of the shareholders to take advantage of their position to work activities in their own favor. PG has not avoided this issue as there have been reports of the manifestation of the agency problem in the company. This has taken the form of price fixing, in other words, the establishing of products prices or services, rather than allowing it to be determined naturally through free market forces. PG in collaboration with Unilever, another consumer goods company, established a price fixing cartel in Europe. This led to PG, incurring a fine of $ 456.3 million. This adversely affected the share prices of its stocks, thereby leading to shareholders, losing the value of their stocks as well as affecting the reputation of the company which suffered a great blow. In this case, the directors and managers compromised the shareholders’ interests, by engaging in illegal business for unsustainable high sales levels. Directors, managers and employees of companies are supposed to use their delegated authority to maximize the total financial returns from the business to its owners (Lasher 2010). Therefore, PG acted contrary to its duty in reg ards to its shareholders. The main reason for the occurrence of the problem was due to the urge to create artificial prices that would translate to higher profits for the firm at the expense of the consumer. Upon the exposure of this illegal activity, the firm could suffer immensely as a result of fines imposed on it, as well as loss in investor confidence.Advertising Looking for term paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In a bid to correct the above situation, Lasher (2010) proposes the following measures the firm could adopt: Instituting measures, such as tough screening processes. The firm needs to put in place more restrictions that will see the decisions made by individuals scrutinized in order to promote transparency as well as accountability. This will help curb the occurrence of the problem. Introducing watchdog bodies within the firm. These bodies may take the form of committees, such as a financial committee, procurement committee, etc. This form of transparency of operations will instill discipline in employees as they will be wary of being exposed as a result of illegal activities, such as the occurrence of the agency problem. These bodies or committees should be comprised of independent members who do not have vested interests in the firm, as well as individuals of high levels of integrity and professionalism. Introducing incentives for good behavior and punishments for bad behavior. In an effort to award good behavior, the firm could introduce performance-based compensation. This will motivate individuals to work hard in the right way in order to enjoy defined compensation perks. Bad behavior could draw punishments in the form of threats of demotion or even result to firing some concerned individuals. This will make individuals conscious of their activities in order to avoid such eventualities. Job dimension Job dimension generally entails a description of the job in regards to the duties, purpose, responsibilities, scope and working conditions. This clearly identifies the title of the job which an individual can identify himself/herself with (Bailey 2009). PG description of job dimensions is, however, based on a global perspective because of its nature of being a multinational organization which has seen the description of jobs in its portfolio differ with regards to geographical position of the firm. Regional agencies of the firm differ with regards to the oper ations and local conditions in the host countries where they are located. This, consequently, means that the jobs ascribed to individuals working within the global platform prompt the proper organization and design of proper job dimensions that are in line with the demands placed on these agencies. Regions where PGs influence is felt are different and unique from each other. Each of them has different needs that need to be assessed in the determination of appropriate strategies that can be adopted. This also applies to the description of job dimensions. Employees, working in different regions need to have properly defined job descriptions that detail specific duties and purpose, customized in accordance with the demands of the local market which they serve, in a bid to achieve set targets and objectives. PG current design is, therefore, appropriate for its business. Running a global firm is no easy feat as it requires an effective organizational structure and an effective and motiva ted workforce. Employees within the firm have properly defined duties expected of them which create the basis for the evaluation of their performance. As a result, it creates clear and defined tasks which they use to guide their performance. Job design Mathis and Jackson (2010) define job design as the process of putting together various elements of a job in accordance with organizational as well as individual requirements and presenting considerations of health, safety and ergonomics. This leads to the outlining activities to be performed by an individual in accordance with the requirements of a job, while ensuring that a firm’s objectives are being achieved as well as ensuring that the employee is being considered with regards to achievement of personal objectives, while observing the health and safety of the employee. A good job design is important as it enables a firm to determine factors which affect work. In this case, firms are able to identify such factors and act acc ordingly in order to either exploit them to improve the firm’s business, or to downplay them if they have a negative impact on the firm’s performance. These factors are normally concerned with employee working conditions. It also enables to identify what tasks are require to be done, that is, companies require formulation of the firm’s strategic plan that details objectives that the firm strives to achieve, as well as relevant activities or tasks that will help to achieve these objectives as stipulated in the plan. This enables a firm to focus on what it aims at achieving, hence directing resources in an effective way to achieve these goals in the end. A good job design also determines when and how tasks are going be done. Identification of tasks required to be done is not enough as there is a need to determine the appropriate time to undertake them, based on the identified factors, influencing the firm, such as the status of the economy, as well as the methodol ogy adopted to carry out the tasks in a manner that will see the maximum use of resources in an effective way. This in effect enables organizations to make substantial cost savings. It must also be mentioned that despite the identification of tasks required to be performed as well as the appropriate methodology and timing to carry them out, the emphasis with regards to the determination of a job design results to the prioritization of tasks as it is impractical to carry them out all at once. Based on the above advantages that result from the adoption of formulation of a job design, the following are recommendations on how PG can improve its job design strategy (Mathis and Jackson 2010): Allow and encourage employee participation in the job design process because the inclusion of employee input will help their opinions be incorporated in the job design, for instance, they may vary activities proposed, based on their personal needs, work habits and circumstances in the workplace. The company should organize training workshops and seminars that are dedicated to assisting employees know what is expected from them with regards to tasks they are supposed to carry out in order to achieve clarity on how to carry them out. The job design should have good work/rest schedules- This assists employees revamp their energy hence results to employee performance improvement. Compensation package Compensation does not only mean financial benefits accorded to employees but also includes non-financial aspects, such as employee professional development through training or motivating employees. Based on my own personal view, the compensation package can be considered as not perfect since perfection has never been achieved by any firm as employee needs are diverse, and it’s not possible to satisfy all of them. However, although there is still room for improvement, PG has tried to come up with an attractive compensation package that is responsive to changing trends in the ma rket as described below: It offers competitive salaries; It has also a comprehensive flexible benefits program that allows employees to choose health, dental, disability and life insurance benefits that meet their unique needs and circumstances. Retirement plans are funded by the company and provide employees with flexibility in plan, design and investment options. Existence of any Employee Assistance Program gives employees a confidential access to professional counseling to help them deal with any personal or family problems. In order to improve the existing compensation package, the firm could adopt the following recommendations as suggested by Madura (2007), namely: Evaluate their compensation management maturity and identify shortcomings. This will prompt the company to take appropriate steps in an effort to correct the situation, hence assist in achieving an employee satisfaction. Integrate appropriate sources and systems. This will enable the company to integrate existing information sources with compensation and workforce performance. This will enable the company to increase system efficiency that employees can relate with. References Bailey, T (2009). Organizational culture, macro and micro empowerment dimensions. Washington: Joessey Publishers. Company. (2013). Retrieved from https://us.pg.com/ Daft, P (2010). Organizational theory and design. New York: Sage Publishers. Lasher, P (2010). Practical financial management. Boston: Oxford Publishers. Madura, J (2007). Introduction to business. New York: McGraw-Hill Publishers. Mathis, R and Jackson, J (2010). Human resources management. New York: Sage Publishers.